Artificial intelligence can support clinicians, but its value depends on how wisely it is used. The WISER framework offers five practical principles for responsible use:
W — Work with a clear clinical purpose. Use AI to address a specific need rather than simply because the technology is available.
I — Interrogate and verify the output. AI can produce inaccurate, incomplete or fabricated information. Important claims should be checked against reliable clinical guidelines and evidence.
S — Safeguard privacy and confidentiality. Do not enter identifiable patient information into public AI systems unless the tool has appropriate security, consent and institutional approval.
E — Exercise professional judgement and remain accountable. AI may assist decision-making, but it cannot understand the patient’s complete clinical and social context. The clinician remains responsible for the final decision.
R — Review performance, equity and competence. Consider whether the tool performs reliably in the local population, including resource-limited settings, and maintain the skills needed to work safely without it.
Used wisely, AI can strengthen rather than replace clinical practice. The goal is not to hand decisions over to technology, but to combine its capabilities with evidence, ethical practice, professional judgement and compassionate patient care.